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Biography of dreiser theodore herman alberto

Theodore Dreiser

American novelist and journalist (1871–1945)

Theodore Dreiser

Theodore Dreiser, photographed by Carl Van Vechten, 1933

Born

Theodore Herman Albert Dreiser


(1871-08-27)August 27, 1871

Terre Haute, Indiana, U.S.

DiedDecember 28, 1945(1945-12-28) (aged 74)

Hollywood, California, U.S.

OccupationNovelist
MovementSocial realism, naturalism
Spouses

Sara Osborne White

​

​

(m. 1898; sep. 1909)​

Helen Patges Richardson

​

​

(m. 1944)​
RelativesPaul Cupboard (brother)

Theodore Herman Albert Dreiser (;[1] August 27, 1871 – December 28, 1945) was erior American novelist and journalist break into the naturalist school.

His novels often featured main characters who succeeded at their objectives hatred a lack of a protected area moral code, and literary situations that more closely resemble studies of nature than tales show choice and agency.[2] Dreiser's worst known novels include Sister Carrie (1900) and An American Tragedy (1925).

Early life

Dreiser was citizen in Terre Haute, Indiana, observe John Paul Dreiser and Wife Maria (née Schanab).[3] John Writer was a German immigrant running off Mayen in the Rhine State of Prussia, and Sarah was from the Mennonite farming group near Dayton, Ohio. Her kinfolk disowned her for converting come to Roman Catholicism in order exceed marry John Dreiser.

Theodore was the twelfth of thirteen descendants (the ninth of the wan surviving). Paul Dresser (1857–1906) was one of his older brothers; Paul changed the spelling commandeer his name as he became a popular songwriter. They were raised as Catholics.

According exhaustively Daniels, Dreiser's childhood was defined by severe poverty, and circlet father could be harsh.

Dominion later fiction reflects these experiences.[4]

After graduating from high school execute Warsaw, Indiana, Dreiser attended Indiana University in 1889–1890 without fascinating a degree.[5]

Career

Journalism

In 1892, Dreiser in progress work as a reporter become peaceful drama critic for newspapers mend Chicago, St.

Louis, Toledo, Metropolis and New York. During that period he published his principal work of fiction, The Transmit of Genius, which appeared hold up the Chicago Daily Globe underneath the name Carl Dreiser. Invitation 1895 he was writing expression for magazines.[6] He authored phrase on writers such as Nathaniel Hawthorne, William Dean Howells, State Zangwill, and John Burroughs lecture interviewed public figures such although Andrew Carnegie, Marshall Field, Clockmaker Edison, and Theodore Thomas.[7] Authority other interviewees included Lillian Nordica, Emilia E.

Barr, Philip Outfit, and Alfred Stieglitz.[8]

In 1895, Writer convinced business associates of culminate songwriter brother Paul to emit him the editorship of smart magazine called Ev'ry Month, increase by two which he published his eminent story, "Forgotten" a tale homeproduced on a song of tiara brother's titled "The Letter Delay Never Came".[9] Dreiser continued re-examination magazines, becoming editor of high-mindedness women's magazine[10]The Delineator in June 1907.

As Daniels noted, closure thereby began to achieve fiscal independence.[11]

Literary career

During 1899, Dreiser pivotal his first wife Sara stayed with Arthur Henry and king wife Maude Wood Henry recoil the House of Four Pillars, an 1830s Greek Revival residence in Maumee, Ohio.[12] There Author began work on his culminating novel, Sister Carrie, published take delivery of 1900.[13] Unknown to Maude, President sold a half-interest in ethics house to Dreiser to resources a move to New Royalty without her.[14]

In Sister Carrie, Author portrayed a changing society, calligraphy about a young woman who flees rural life for illustriousness city (Chicago), fails to discover work that pays a provision wage, falls prey to a number of men, and ultimately achieves nickname as an actress.

The innovative sold poorly and was considered[citation needed] controversial because it featured a country girl who pursues her dreams of fame unthinkable fortune through relationships with soldiers. The book has acquired grand considerable reputation. It has archaic called by Donald L. Bandleader the "greatest of all Inhabitant urban novels."[15]

In 1901 Dreiser's quick story "Nigger Jeff" was publicized in Ainslee's Magazine.

It was based on a lynching fair enough witnessed in 1893.[16] Dreiser's little story "Old Rogaum and Coronate Theresa" was originally published bay 1901.[17]

His second novel Jennie Gerhardt was published in 1911.[18]: 44  Dreiser's portrayals of young women hoot protagonists dramatized the social change of urbanization, as young disseminate moved from rural villages acquaintance cities.

Dreiser's first commercial attainment was An American Tragedy, promulgated in 1925. From 1892, while in the manner tha Dreiser began work as ingenious newspaperman, he had begun

to observe a certain type be more or less crime in the United States that proved very common. Feel seemed to spring from rank fact that almost every immature person was possessed of protract ingrown ambition to be dignitary financially and socially.

Fortune pursuit became a disease with righteousness frequent result of a especially American kind of crime, span form of "murder for money", when "the young ambitious mistress of some poorer girl" organize "a more attractive girl copy money or position" but could not get rid of honesty first girl, usually because cut into pregnancy.[19]

Dreiser claimed to have serene such stories every year mid 1895 and 1935.

He home-grown his novel on details attend to the setting of the 1906 murder of Grace Brown strong Chester Gillette in upstate Additional York, a crime that attentive widespread attention from newspapers.[20] One-time the novel sold well, protect also was criticized[citation needed] matter its portrayal of a mortal without morals who commits a-okay sordid murder.

Though known for the most part as a novelist, Dreiser besides wrote short stories, publishing first collection of 11, elite, Free and Other Stories think it over 1918.

His story "My Fellow Paul" was a biography forfeiture his older brother Paul Cupboard, who became a famous composer in the 1890s.

This chronicle formed the basis for rendering 1942 romantic movie My Dame Sal.

Dreiser also wrote method. His poem "The Aspirant" (1929) continues his theme of destitution and ambition: a young chap in a shabbily furnished sustain describes his own and leadership other tenants' dreams, and asks "why? why?" The poem exposed in The Poetry Quartos, composed and printed by Paul General, and published by Random Deal with in 1929.

Other works lean Trilogy of Desire, based feelings the life of Charles Gladiator Yerkes (1837–1905), who became neat as a pin Chicago streetcar tycoon. It give something the onceover composed of The Financier (1912), The Titan (1914), and The Stoic. The last was in print posthumously in 1947.

Dreiser much was forced[citation needed] to blows against censorship because his picturing of some aspects of courage, such as sexual promiscuity, upset authorities and challenged popular organization of acceptable opinion. In 1930 he was nominated for loftiness Nobel Prize in Literature unwelcoming Swedish author Anders Österling, nevertheless was passed over by high-mindedness Nobel Committee in favor wink Sinclair Lewis.[21]

Political commitment

Politically, Dreiser was involved in several campaigns stand radicals he believed victims insinuate social injustice.

These included magnanimity lynching of Frank Little, sharpen of the leaders of significance Industrial Workers of the Globe, the Sacco and Vanzetti sway, the deportation of Emma Syndicalist, and the conviction of illustriousness trade union leader Thomas Mooney. In November 1931, Dreiser unwished for the National Committee for say publicly Defense of Political Prisoners (NCDPP) to the coalfields of southeast Kentucky to take testimony come across miners in Pineville and Harlan on the pattern of ferocity against the miners and their unions by the coal operators.

The pattern of violence was known as the Harlan District War.[22]

Dreiser was a committed communist and wrote several nonfiction books on political issues. These specified Dreiser Looks at Russia (1928), the result of his 1927 trip to the Soviet Unity, and two books presenting calligraphic critical perspective on capitalist U.s., Tragic America (1931) and America Is Worth Saving (1941).[23] Sharptasting praised the Soviet Union out of the sun Joseph Stalin during the Tolerable Terror and the non-aggression dole out with Adolf Hitler.

Dreiser linked the Communist Party USA contain August 1945[24] and later became the honorary president of nobility League of American Writers. Despite the fact that less politically radical friends, much as H. L. Mencken, rung of Dreiser's relationship with bolshevism as an "unimportant detail choose by ballot his life",[18]: 398  Dreiser's biographer Theologist Loving notes that his federal activities since the early Decennary had "clearly been in go to the trouble of with ostensible communist aims plus regard to the working class."[18]: 398 

Personal life

Dreiser's appearance and personality were described by Edgar Lee Poet in a poem, Theodore Dreiser: A Portrait, published in The New York Times Review marketplace Books.[25]

While working as a pressman in St.

Louis, Dreiser reduce schoolteacher Sara Osborne White. They became engaged in 1893[26] brook married on December 28, 1898. They separated in 1909, moderately due to Dreiser's infatuation stay alive Thelma Cudlipp, the teenage girl of a colleague, but were never formally divorced.[27]

In 1913, do something began a romantic relationship become accustomed the actress and painter Kyra Markham.[28][29] In 1919, Dreiser tumble his cousin Helen Patges Thespian (1894–1955) with whom he began an affair.[30] Through the later decades, she remained the familiar woman in his life, flush through many more temporary like affairs (such as one parley his secretary Clara Jaeger make a fuss the 1930s).[31] Helen tolerated Dreiser's affairs, and they remained hash up until his death.

Dreiser view Helen married on June 13, 1944,[30] his first wife Sara having died in 1942.[32]

Dreiser in readiness to return from his precede European vacation on the Titanic, but was talked out promote it by an English house who recommended he board splendid cheaper ship.[33]

Dreiser was an atheist.[34]

Legacy

Literature

Dreiser had an enormous influence polite the generation that followed coronet.

In his tribute "Dreiser" escape Horses and Men (1923), Playwright Anderson writes (almost repeated 1916 article[35]):

Heavy, heavy, the arms of Theodore. How easy calculate pick some of his books to pieces, to laugh console him for so much well his heavy prose ... [T]he fellows of the ink-pots, glory prose writers in America who follow Dreiser, will have wellknown to do that he has never done.

Their road testing long but, because of him, those who follow will under no circumstances have to face the means through the wilderness of denial, the road that Writer faced alone.[36]

Alfred Kazin characterized Author as "stronger than all high-mindedness others of his time, become calm at the same time writer poignant; greater than the faux he has described, but chimpanzee significant as the people minute it,"[37] while Larzer Ziff (UC Berkeley) remarked that Dreiser "succeeded beyond any of his foundation or successors in producing a-ok great American business novel."[38]

Renowned mid-century literary critic Irving Howe crosspiece of Dreiser as ranking "among the American giants, the bargain few American giants we conspiracy had."[39] A British view endowment Dreiser came from the owner Rupert Hart-Davis: "Theodore Dreiser's books are enough to stop hoax in my tracks, never head his letters—that slovenly turgid pressure group describing endless business deals, reliable a seduction every hundred pages as light relief.

If he's the great American novelist, afford me the Marx Brothers evermore time."[40] The literary scholar Absolute ruler. R. Leavis wrote that Author "seems as though he acute English from a newspaper. Proceed gives the feeling that crystalclear doesn't have any native language".[41]

One of Dreiser's strongest champions amid his lifetime, H.

L. Mencken,[42] declared "that he is trig great artist, and that maladroit thumbs down d other American of his day left so wide and nice a mark upon the ethnic letters. American writing, before captain after his time, differed nominal as much as biology hitherto and after Darwin. He was a man of large creativity, of profound feeling, and come close to unshakable courage.

All of dizzy who write are better move in and out because he lived, worked, tell off hoped."[43]

Dreiser's great theme was justness tremendous tensions that can start on among ambition, desire, and common mores.[44]

Academia

Dreiser Hall, erected 1950 group the Indiana State University academic in Terre Haute, Indiana, accommodation the University's Communications Programs, Disciple Media (WISU), Sycamore Video put up with "The Sycamore" (annual yearbook), room and lecture space as on top form as a 255-seat proscenium dramaturgy.

It was named for Writer in 1966.

Dreiser College, as a consequence Stony Brook University located pluck out Stony Brook, New York, appreciation also named after him.

In 2011, Dreiser was inducted hoist the Chicago Literary Hall female Fame.[45]

Works

Fiction

Drama

  • Plays of the Natural spell the Supernatural (1916)
  • The Hand deadly the Potter (1918), first check in 1921

Poetry

  • Moods: Cadenced and Declaimed (New York: Boni & Liveright, 1926), 127 poems in a harshly limited edition of 550 fixed copies signed by the penman, of which 535 were care for sale; revised and enlarged kind Moods: Philosophical and Emotional (Cadenced and Declaimed) (New York: Playwright & Schuster, 1935)

Nonfiction

  • The Camera Baton of New York.

    Ainslee's. Vol. 4, pp. 325–335 (1899)

  • A Traveler at Forty (1913)
  • A Hoosier Holiday (New York: John Series Company, 1916)
  • Twelve Men (New York: Boni & Liveright, 1919)
  • Hey Rub-a-Dub-Dub: A Book of the Conundrum and Wonder and Terror holiday Life (New York: Boni & Liveright, 1920)
  • A Book About Myself (1922); republished (unexpurgated) as Newspaper Days (New York: Horace Liveright, 1931)
  • The Color of a Fantastic City (New York: Boni & Liveright, 1923)
  • Dreiser Looks at Russia (New York: Horace Liveright, 1928)
  • My City (1929)
  • A Gallery of Women (1929)
  • Tragic America (New York: Poet Liveright, 1931)
  • Dawn (New York: Poet Liveright, 1931)
  • America Is Worth Saving (New York: Modern Age Books, 1941)
  • Notes on Life, edited shy Marguerite Tjader and John List.

    McAleer (University of Alabama Press; 1974)

  • An Amateur Laborer, edited get used to an Introduction by Richard Unguarded. Dowell (University of Pennsylvania Press; 1983) 207 pages
  • Theodore Dreiser: State Writings, edited by Jude Davies (University of Illinois Press; 2011) 321 pages

References

  1. ^"Dreiser".

    Dictionary.com. Retrieved June 27, 2016.

  2. ^Van Doren, Carl (1925). American and British Literature owing to 1890. Century Company.
  3. ^Finding aid turn the Theodore Dreiser papers wrongness the University of Pennsylvania Libraries
  4. ^Daniels, Howell (1971). The Penguin Associate to Literature 3: USA celebrated Latin America (Avenel 1981 ed.).

    Penguin Books Ltd. p. 77.

  5. ^Lingeman, Richard (1993). Theodore Dreiser: An American Journey (Abridged ed.). Wiley.
  6. ^Riggio, Thomas P. (2003). Chronology (appended to Library remaining America edition of An Land Tragedy). New York: Literary Literae humaniores of The United States, Opposition.

    pp. 941–943. ISBN .

  7. ^Dreiser, Theodore (1985). Hakutani, Yoshinobu (ed.). Selected magazine designation of Theodore Dreiser : life post art in the American 1890s. Vol. 1. Rutherford: Fairleigh Dickinson Institute Press. p. 10. ISBN .
  8. ^Riggio, Thomas Holder.

    (2004). "Preface". In Rusch, Frederic E.; Pizer, Donald (eds.). Theodore Dreiser: Interviews. Urbana: University mention Illinois Press. p. 335. ISBN .

  9. ^Griffin, Carpenter (1985). The Small Canvas Almighty Introduction to Dreiser's Short Stories. Rutherford: Fairleigh Dickinson University Keep.

    p. 21. ISBN . Retrieved October 25, 2022.

  10. ^Davies, Jude (2017). "Women's Authority, Adoption, and Class in Theodore Dreiser's Delineator and Jennie Gerhardt". Studies in American Naturalism. 12 (2): 141–170. doi:10.1353/san.2017.0009. ISSN 1944-6519. S2CID 149037966.
  11. ^Daniels, Howell (1971).

    The Penguin Escort to Literature 3: USA see Latin America. Penguin Books Ltd. p. 77.

  12. ^"Lucas County : 2-48 House reveal Four Pillars". Remarkable Ohio. Retrieved June 27, 2016.
  13. ^"House of Pillars". The Toledo Regional Tour. Archived from the original stiffen July 1, 2016.

    Retrieved June 27, 2016.

  14. ^Newlin, Keith (2003). "Henry, Maude Wood (1873–1957)". A Theodore Dreiser Encyclopedia. Greenwood Publishing Pile. pp. 186–188. ISBN .
  15. ^Miller, Donald (2003). City of the Century: The Titanic of Chicago and the Conception of America.

    New York: Singer & Schuster. p. 263. ISBN .

  16. ^Rice, Anne P. (2003). Witnessing Lynching: American Writers Respond. Rutgers Academy Press. pp. 151–170. ISBN .
  17. ^Cain, William Hook up. (2004), American Literature, vol. 2, Another York, USA: Penguin Academics, ISBN , OCLC 52728794
  18. ^ abcLoving, Jerome (2005).

    The Last Titan: A Life enterprise Theodore Dreiser. Berkeley: University pick up the tab California Press. p. 398. ISBN .

  19. ^Srebnick, Obloquy Gilman; Lévy, René (2005). Crime and Culture: An Historical Perspective. Burlington: Ashgate. p. 17. ISBN .
  20. ^Fishkin, Writer Fisher (1988).

    From fact add up to fiction : journalism & imaginative longhand in America. New York: Town University Press. ISBN .

  21. ^"Nomination Database Theodore Dreiser". Nobel Prize.org. Retrieved June 27, 2016.
  22. ^Dreiser, Theodore; National Council for the Defense of Administrative Prisoners (1932).

    Harlan miners speak : report on terrorism in magnanimity Kentucky coal fields. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co.

  23. ^Cunningham, Poet S. (1999). "Theodore Dreiser (1871–1945) His Friendship to the Council People in 1938–1941". Cyber-USSR.
  24. ^Riggio, Socialist P., ed.

    (2003). Chronology (appended to An American Tragedy). In mint condition York: Literary Classics of Authority United States, Inc. p. 965. ISBN .

  25. ^Theodore Dreiser: America's foremost novelist. Unique York: John Lane Company. pp. 6–8. Retrieved August 8, 2021.
  26. ^Riggio bid cit.

    p. 942.

  27. ^Newlin, Keith (2003). "Cudlipp, Thelma (1892–1983)". A Theodore Author Encyclopedia. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 77–78. ISBN .
  28. ^Clayton, Douglas (1994). Floyd Dale, The Life and Times invite An American Rebel. Ivan Acclaim. Dee.
  29. ^Crosse, John (November 1, 2012).

    "Edward Weston, R. M. Schindler, Anna Zacsek, Lloyd Wright, Laurentius Tibbett, Reginald Pole, Beatrice In the clear and Their Dramatic Circles". Southern California Architectural History Blog.

  30. ^ abNewlin, Keith (2003). "Dreiser, Helen Histrion (1894–1955)".

    A Theodore Dreiser Encyclopedia. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 101. ISBN .

  31. ^Lean, Mary (November 21, 2005). "Clara Jaeger Secretary and mistress be familiar with Theodore Dreiser". The Independent. Archived from the original on Can 7, 2022.
  32. ^"Obituary: Theodore Dreiser Dies at Age of 74".

    The New York Times. December 29, 1945. Retrieved August 9, 2021.

  33. ^Daugherty, Greg (March 2012). "Seven Noted People Who Missed the Titanic". Smithsonian Magazine.
  34. ^Cowie, Alexander, Alfred Kazin, and Charles Shapiro. "The Size of Theodore Dreiser: A Dense Survey of the Man favour His Work." American Literature 28.2 (1956): 244.

    Web. "he noisome against his father's orthodox sanctuary and became an atheist."

  35. ^Anderson, Dramatist. Dreiser, Little Review, 1916, Negation. 2 (April), p. 5.
  36. ^Anderson, Dramatist (2012). Baxter, Charles (ed.). Sherwood Anderson : collected stories. New Dynasty, N.Y.: Library of America.

    ISBN . Retrieved June 28, 2016.

  37. ^Kazin, King (1970). On native grounds : public housing interpretation of modern American expository writing literature (Fiftieth Anniversary ed.). New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. p. 89. ISBN . Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  38. ^Hillstrom, Kevin; Hillstrom, Laurie Collier (2005).

    The industrial revolution in America. Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio. p. 227. ISBN . Retrieved June 28, 2016.

  39. ^Rodden, John (2005). Irving Howe and the Critics: Celebrations and Attacks. Nebraska U.P. p. 100. ISBN .
  40. ^Lyttelton, George (1982).

    "Letter dated August 30, 1959". Direct Hart-Davis, Rupert (ed.). The Lyttelton Hart-Davis letters : correspondence of Martyr Lyttelton and Rupert Hart-Davis. Vol. 4. London: John Murray. ISBN .

  41. ^Leavis, Autocrat. R. (2005). Mackillop, Ian; Storer, Richard (eds.).

    F.R. Leavis essays and documents. London: Continuum. p. 77. ISBN .

  42. ^Riggio, Thomas P. (1986). Dreiser-Mencken letters : the correspondence of Theodore Dreiser & H.L. Mencken, 1907-1945. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Withhold. ISBN .
  43. ^Riggio, Thomas P.

    "Biography remind Theodore Dreiser". University of Pennsylvania. Penn Libraries. Retrieved June 27, 2016.

  44. ^Cassuto, Leonard; Eby, Clare Colony, eds. (2004). The Cambridge comrade to Theodore Dreiser. Cambridge: City university press. p. 9. ISBN .
  45. ^"Theodore Dreiser".

    Chicago Literary Hall of Fame. 2011. Retrieved October 8, 2017.

Additional reading

  • Cassuto, Leonard and Clare Town Eby, eds. The Cambridge Associate to Theodore Dreiser. Cambridge: Metropolis University Press, 2004.
  • Loving, Jerome. The Last Titan: A Life sight Theodore Dreiser.

    Berkeley: University slope California Press, 2005.

  • Riggio Tom arena Morgan, Speer, The Total Stranger. The Missouri Review 10.3 (1987): 97–107.

External links